What is a... |
How to cite... |
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Following a recommended style ensures that your references are compiled in a consistent format and that it is possible for the reader to clearly identify and locate resources listed in your reference list and bibliography.
If your course of study is at a partnership university, you may need to use their recommended style guide which you can access from their website.
Why Reference?
You must give credit to the sources of information and ideas that you have used in your assignment. This allows your readers to locate and follow up resources you have used and assess the value of your research. It also protects you from the serious charge of plagiarism. Plagiarism is taking information that has been produced by someone else and using it as your own.
The Author - Date System
There are many different styles for citing references and compiling bibliographies. The author-date system is used at Holmesglen. This style of referencing is widely accepted in academic publications, although you may see a number of variations in the way it is used. Harvard and APA 5th are examples of the author - date system.
Reference List
A reference list is a list of books, articles and other resources which you have referred to directly (cited) in the text of your essay or report.
The reference list must be listed in alphabetical order. The order is determined by the first letter of the author's/editor's surname. If there is no author, use the title of the text. When using the title do not order by 'A', 'An' and 'The'. Your Reference List should be included on a separate page, at the end of an assignment.
Make sure you follow the punctuation of the referencing style (commas, full stops, spacing, brackets, use of capital letters and lower case).
See full example of a reference list
Bibliography
You may sometimes be required to create a bibliography at the end of a written assignment. A bibliography includes all the books, articles and other sources of information that you found useful for the writing of the assignment, not just those you cited.
Your Bibliography should be included on a separate page, after the Reference List, if both are required.
See full example of a bibliography
In-Text Citations
In-text citations appear in the body of your assignment. When you use ideas from other sources, you need to give brief details acknowledging the source. This means when you are using text (direct or indirect quote) or an image, illustration, chart or table that has been copied or adapted from another source you must include an in-text citation.
The surname of the author and the date of publication is generally all that is necessary for an in-text citation. Where you are quoting text or referring to figures or data, page numbers must be included.
Examples
Direct quote
| Example 1 |
Australia has many unusual animals and ‘almost half are marsupials and the rest are either placental mammals or monotremes’ (Fin 1997, p. 95). |
| Example 2 |
In defining Australia’s unusual animals, Fin (1997, p. 95) states that ‘almost half are marsupials and the rest are either placental mammals or monotremes’. |
Indirect quote (paraphrase)
| Example 1 |
Fin (1997) discusses some of the unusual flora and fauna that have evolved as unique species to Australia. |
| Example 2 |
Alexander et al. (2006, p. 102) provide an interesting recipe for kangaroo fillet served with chopped beetroot and anchovy butter. |
| Example 3 |
The echidna has certain characteristics which enable it to survive in the Australian bush. It has a keen sense of smell, a long tongue, hairs and quills and can roll into a ball when threatened (Australian Government Cultural Portal 2007). |
Brief quotations (30 words or less)
These quotes can be included in text. Use single quotation marks.
| Example |
'Librarians are vital to the survival of students.' (Shackett 2005, p. 23). |
Longer quotations (more than 30 words)
These quotes should begin on a new line. Introduce the quotation in your own words, use single spacing and indent from the left margin. Quotation marks are not used. Use a smaller font size for the quotation (e.g. from font size 12 to font size 10). Remember to change back to the original font size for the author, date and page number as this is not part of the actual quotation.
| Example |
The growth of multiculturalism in Melbourne was transformative as evidenced in the range of food stuffs available:
Because of the rapid increase in the numbers of immigrants arriving from the 1950s onwards, there was a greater opportunity to manufacture the foods they sought on a commercial scale, such as salamis, prosciutto, pepperoni and other preserved meats, Italian and Greek cheeses, yoghurt, pasta and filo pasty. (Hutton 2000, p. 16). |
Punctuation
- • The in-text citation is considered part of the sentence therefore a full stop is placed after a citation which is at the end of a sentence. Retain punctuation from the original text when quoting.
- • Minimal capitalisation is used except for the titles of periodicals (journals, magazines and newspapers).
- • Single quotation marks are used for the titles of chapters and articles in periodicals.
- • Single quotation marks are used for quotes.
- • When there are four or more authors, the in-text citation should show only the first named author followed by et al. (meaning ‘and others’). All authors are listed in the reference list.
Abbreviations commonly used in referencing
| ed., eds |
editor(s) |
vol. |
volume |
| edn |
edition |
no. |
number |
| et al. |
and others |
p., pp. |
page(s) |
| n.d. |
no date |
|
|
| n.p. |
no place of publication |
|
|
For Further Information
Snooks & Co 2002, Style manual for authors, editors and printers, 6th edn, John Wiley & Sons Australia, n.p.
Explanations and Examples
1. Print Publications
Books |
In-text citation example |
Reference List example |
Basic format |
(author year)
|
Author’s surname, Author’s initial(s) Year of publication, Title, Name of Publisher, Place of Publication.
|
Book with single author |
‘Australia has about 282 species of mammals and…’ (Fin 1997, p. 95).
Fin (1997) suggests that ….
|
Fin, K 1997, The book of Australia, The Watermark Press, NSW.
|
Book with two authors |
Barron and Williamson (2009, p. 111) state that ‘taxation law….’.
It has been suggested by Barron and Williamson (2009) that….
|
Barron, M & Williamson, C 2009, Fundamental business law, 6th edn, McGraw-Hill, North Ryde, NSW.
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Book with three authors |
According to Alexander, Dupleix and Hafner (2006, p. 8), ‘slow cooking…‘.
Many Italian soups are… (Alexander, Dupleix & Hafner 2006).
|
Alexander, S, Dupleix, J & Hafner, B 2006, Winter, John Fairfax Publications Pty Ltd, NSW.
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Book with more than three authors |
Malinowski et al. (1999, p. 44) believe that ‘population growth…’.
Based on this, the study (Malinowski et al. 1999) supports ….
|
Malinowski, W, Larsen, AA, Ngu, B & Fairweather, S 1999, Human geography, Routledge, New York.
|
Book with government department as author |
The Department of Immigration and Citizenship (2008, p. 20) confirms that ‘in 2007 Australia ….’.
Migration numbers have increased since… (Department of Immigration and Citizenship 2008, p. 22).
|
Department of Immigration and Citizenship 2008, Population flows: immigration aspects, Department of Immigration and Citizenship, ACT.
|
Book with a 2nd or later edition |
‘It is vital that every organisation…’ (Robbins 2003, p. 49).
Robbins (2003) discusses a number of important issues….
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Robbins, SP 2003, Management, 3rd edn, Pearson Education, NSW.
|
Book with organisation as author |
The National Gallery of Australia (1997, p. 32) describes the work of Clifton Pugh as ‘…’.
Desert colours are a feature of… (National Gallery of Australia 1997).
|
National Gallery of Australia 1997, Eight contemporary artists, 2nd edn, National Gallery of Australia, ACT.
|
Book with one editor |
‘Changes to the law will…’ (Harbour 2008, p. 33).
Harbour (2008) outlines a number of….
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Harbour, C (ed.) 2008, The law handbook 2008: your practical guide to the law in Victoria, Fitzroy Legal Service, Fitzroy, VIC.
|
Book with more than one editor |
According to Carmody and Forster (2003, p. 99) ‘there is a need for…’.
Carmody and Forster (2003) discuss certain issues relating to….
|
Carmody, S & Forster, S (eds) 2003, Aged care nursing: a guide to practice, Ausmed Publications, VIC.
|
Book with no author or organisation |
‘Every workplace is required to…’ (A guide to the Occupational Health and Safety Act 1998, p. 3).
The Guide to the Occupational Health and Safety Act (1998) outlines a number of issues….
|
A guide to the Occupational Health and Safety Act 1998, 4th edn, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
|
Chapter or article from a book |
It has been suggested by Kanter (1996,
p. 101) that ‘world class leaders…’.
There are a number of reasons why partnerships… (Kanter 1996).
|
Kanter, RM 1996, ‘World class leaders: the power of partnering’, in F Hesselbein, M Goldsmith & R Beckhard (eds), The leaders of the future, Drucker Foundation, Jossey-Bass, SF. pp. 77-113.
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Chapter in edited work
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There is a connection between … (Byrne 1995).
According to Byrne (1995, p. 84), ‘…’.
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Byrne, J 1995, ‘Disabilities in tertiary education’, in L Rowan & J McNamee (eds), Voices of a margin, CQU Press, Rockhampton.
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Several sources are cited at once
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Bradford (1992), Curtis (1983), and Graham (1997) all agree …
Recent studies (Bradford 1992; Curtis 1983; Graham 1997) agree that ….
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Bradford, C 1992, Genre in perspective: a whole language approach, Bookshelf, Gosford.
Curtis, A 1983, Practical math for business, Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
Graham, A 1997, Managing more postgraduate research students, Oxford Centre for Staff Development, Oxford.
|
Book in a series |
Ashkenazi (2003, p. 59) says that ‘Japanese food is…’.
The Japanese tea ceremony is… (Ashkenazi 2003, p. 61).
|
Ashkenazi, M 2003, Food culture in Japan, Food culture around the world, Greenwood Press, Westport, CT.
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Dictionary
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According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (1995, p. 66), ‘attribute’ means ‘…’.
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Crowther, J (ed.) 1995, Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary, 5th edn, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
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Articles in encyclopaedias/dictionaries with author
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In reviewing architectural styles, McCarter (2004, p. 1167) asserts that 'modernism reflects…'
Sarasota is described by McCarter (2004, pp. 1166-67) as ‘…’.
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McCarter, R 2004, ‘Sarasota school’, in Encyclopaedia of 20th century architecture, vol. 3, New York. pp. 1166-67.
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Articles in encyclopaedias/dictionaries with no author
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‘There is a slight difference between the African elephant and….’ (New Encyclopaedia Britannica 1993, p. 441).
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New Encyclopaedia Britannica 1993, 15th edn, ‘Elephant’, vol. 4, pp. 441- 42.
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When an author has published more than one book in the same year
In your reference list, order alphabetically according to the title of the work and use letters a, b, c ... after the publication date |
‘Many chefs use …’ (Edwards 1997a, p. 43).
Edwards (1997b, p. 88) uses appealing characters to….
|
Edwards, H 1997a. A day in the life of a chef, Draw publications, VIC.
Edwards, H 1997b, Hey hippopotamus: do babies eat cake too?, Hodder and Stoughton, NSW.
|
Referring to an author (primary source) read about in another publication (secondary source)
|
Simpson’s observations in 1975 (cited in Cole 1992) led to ….
Learning is a process of association and development … (Simpson 1975, cited in Cole 1992).
Cole (1992, p. 9), in reporting Simpson’s study, highlights that 'in 1975 ….'
|
Cole, P 1992, Teaching and learning, Cap Press, Yeppoon.
|
Book with no publishing date |
Turner (n.d., p. 56) was concerned with ….
‘On second thoughts…’ (Turner n.d.,p. 3).
|
Turner, K n.d., My life in thirty seconds, Animor, VIC.
|
Book with no place of publishing |
See book with author
|
Steward, T 2007, Faceless People, Hori Press, n.p.
|
Journals and Magazines |
In-Text example |
Reference list example |
Basic format |
(author year) |
Author’s surname, Author’s initial(s) Year of publication, ‘Title of article’, Name of Journal/Magazine, Title of series (if applicable), issue details, page reference.
|
Print journal article with author
|
‘…featured prominently in politics’ (Jennings 2008, p. 10).
Jennings (2008, p. 10) noted that there are a number of….
|
Jennings, K 2008, ‘American revolution: the fall of Wall Street and the rise of Barack Obama’, Quarterly Essay, vol. 32, pp. 1-91.
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Print journal article with 2 or 3 authors
|
According to Florida and Goodnight (2005, p. 129), ‘it all comes down to how creative…’.
The range of strategies include… (Florida & Goodnight 2005).
|
Florida, R & Goodnight, J 2005, ‘Managing for creativity’, Harvard Business Review, vol. 83, no. 7, pp. 124-31.
|
Print journal article with no author
|
‘Due to the lack of water…’ (‘Australian Garden update’ 2009, p. 8).
In ‘Australian Garden update’ (2009,
p. 9) there is an outline of….
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‘Australian Garden update’ 2009, Floreo, no. 19, pp. 8-12.
|
Journal with no volume or issue number
|
Sprague and Shameen (1999) indicate that alternatives to continual economic growth ….
It has been suggested that ‘growth at all cost is no longer a viable option’ (Sprague & Shameen 1999, p. 50).
|
Sprague, J & Shameen, A 1999, ‘Boosting growth, courting disasters?’, Asiaweek, 31 July, pp. 50–51.
|
Newspapers |
In-Text example |
Reference list example |
Newspaper article with author
|
In his article, Millar (2009, p. 1) writes that ‘There is no reason for …’.
Victoria’s climate change policies are of great concern for the… (Millar 2009,
p. 1).
|
Millar, R 2009, ‘State emission cuts futile’, The Age, 23 March, p. 1. |
Newspaper article with no author
|
Premier Brumby believed that bushfire-affected areas… (Herald Sun, 27 March 2009, p. 9).
The article in the Herald Sun (27 March, 2009, p. 9), refers to the Premier’s claims as ‘irresponsible and …’.
|
Not needed |
Other |
In-Text example |
Reference List example |
Legislation |
Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004 (VIC) clearly outlines the requirements…..
|
Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004, (VIC).
|
Australian Standards |
According to Standards Australia (1999), …
|
Standards Australia 1999, Residential timber-framed construction. Part 4, simplified- non-cyclonic areas, AS 1684.4-1999, Standards Australia International, Strathfield, NSW.
|
Brochure |
Borrowing limits are outlined in the ‘Student Guide’ (Holmesglen Learning Commons 2009).
|
Holmesglen Learning Commons 2009, Student guide, brochure, Holmesglen, VIC.
|
2. Audiovisual Publications
Audiovisual |
In-Text example |
Reference list example |
Videorecording |
…as demonstrated in More bloody meetings (1984).
|
More bloody meetings 1984, videorecording, Video Arts, London, UK.
|
Television program |
Going backwards: four corners (2001) explains that ‘there are…’.
|
Going backwards: four corners 2001, television program, ABC, Sydney, 9 July.
|
Film/Motion Pictures |
…the film Love the beast (2009) challenges the idea….
|
Love the beast 2009, motion picture, Whyte House Productions, Sydney, NSW.
|
DVD |
…there are many theories on global warming in An inconvenient truth (2006).
|
An inconvenient truth 2006, DVD, Paramount Pictures, CA.
|
Radio |
Norris (1997) described the melting of the ice packs in the Antarctic ….
|
Norris, D 1997, The greenhouse report, radio broadcast, ABC Radio National, 6 January.
|
3. Electronic Sources
World Wide Web
|
In-Text example
|
Reference list example
|
Web page with author
|
‘Learning and teaching are….’ (Atherton 2005).
Atherton (2005) looks at a number of issues….
|
Atherton, JS 2005, Learning and teaching: experiential learning, viewed 28 April 2009, <http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/experience.htm>. |
Web page with no author, use company or organisation
|
‘Most international students in Melbourne come from….’ (City of Melbourne 2009).
The City of Melbourne (2009) outlines how….
|
City of Melbourne 2009, International students, viewed 28 August 2009, <http://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/info.cfm?top=43&pg=2293>. |
Blog with author
|
‘Climate change is the most obvious and urgent matter.’ (Barlett 2009).
Bartlett (2009) describes a number of reasons for ….
|
Barlett, A 2009, Bartlett’s Blog, weblog, viewed 14 September 2009, <http://andrewbartlett.com/blog/>.
If you are referencing a group blog use the author of the post. |
Blog with no author
|
‘Conan is believed to be the …’ (Wilhelm2451 2008).
In his blog on toys Wilhelm2451 (2008) discusses….
|
Wilhelm2451 2008, 'Age of Conan: Hystarian adventures', The ancient gaming noob, weblog, post 22 May, viewed 28 May 2008, <http://tagn.wordpress.com/2008/05/22/age-of-conan-hystarian-adventures/>. |
Wikis |
‘To get the maximum out of …’ (‘Satellites’ 2008).
‘Satellites’ (2008) describes ….
|
‘Satellites' 2008, Amateur Radio Wiki, viewed 4 August 2008, <http://www.amateur-radio-wiki.net/index.php?title=Satellites>. |
Web video |
In Hospitality – how to deal with rude customers (2007) strategies are provided for ….
‘A great deal of tact and…’ (Hospitality – how to deal with rude customers 2007).
|
Hospitality – how to deal with rude customers 2007, online video, post 27 October, Hospitality Crew, viewed 14 September 2009, <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gQsyQK42Tso>. |
E - Books, Journals and Newspaper articles |
In-Text example |
Reference list example |
E-Book |
Freud (1999, p. 72) analyses the significance of ….
‘Dreams can mean … (Freud 2009, p. 72).
|
Freud, S 1999, Interpretation of dreams, 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Oxford, viewed 28 May 2002, <http://www.psychwww.com/books/interp/toc.htm>.
|
E-Journal |
Legionella and fungi tests… (Lau, Caughley & Deacon 2008).
Lau, Caughley & Deacon (2008) claim that ‘bacteria…’.
|
Lau, R, Caughley, B & Deacon, R 2008, ‘Monitoring for Legionella bacteria in public spa pools’, Environmental Health, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 11-18, viewed 30 March 2009, <http://journal.eh.org.au>.
|
Newspaper article online |
According to Grattan and Arup (2009) ‘the global financial crisis…’.
The effects of the financial crisis … (Grattan & Arup 2009).
|
Grattan, M & Arup, T 2009, ‘Climate shadowed by economy’, The Age, 28 March, viewed 30 March 2009, <http://www.theage.com.au/environment/climate-shaded-by-economy-20090327-9ebp.html>.
|
Articles from Databases |
In-Text example |
Reference list example |
Journal article with author
|
Sims (2009, p. 37) refers to a home interaction program for parents ‘to help…’.
…such as improving access to early childhood education (Sims 2009, p. 40).
|
Sims, M 2009, ‘Neurobiology and child development: Challenging current interpretation and policy implications’, Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 36-42, viewed 30 September 2009, EBSCO Academic Search Premier database.
|
Newspaper article with author
|
‘The 2009 Melbourne Food Festival…’ (Dolan 2009).
In his article ‘A feast for the senses – cover story’, Dolan (2009) ….
|
Dolan, K 2009, ‘A feast for the senses – cover story’, Epicure, The Age, 17 February, p. 4, viewed 27 March 2009, Newsbank database.
|
Newspaper article with no author
|
An article in the Herald Sun (7 May 2009, p. 9) describes the journey….
|
Not needed |
Conference paper |
Foo, Zobel, Sinha and Tahaghoghi (2007, p. 560) state that ‘…’.
|
Foo, JJ, Zobel, J, Sinha, R & Tahaghoghi, SMM 2007, 'Detection of near-duplicate images for web search', Proceedings of the 6th ACM international conference on image and video retrieval, London, UK, 9-11 July, pp. 557-64, viewed 26 May 2008, IEEE Xplore database.
|
Online Report |
A report by IBISWorld Australia (2009) claimed that….
|
IBISWorld Australia 2009, Tourism in Australia, 14 April, viewed 7 May 2009, IBISWorld, X0003.
|
Australian Standards online
|
‘There are a number of safety issues…’ (Standards Australia 2009).
|
Standards Australia 2009, Electrical installations AS/NZS 3000:2007, viewed 8 May 2009, SAI Global Database.
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics document with author
|
According to Linacre (2007), sport and physical recreation play an important part….
‘There has been a growing trend…’ (Linacre 2007).
|
Linacre, S 2007, ‘Australian social trends 2007: participation in sports and physical recreation’, cat. no. 4102.0, ABS, viewed 27 May 2008, ABS Database.
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics document with no author
|
‘A measurement of life expectancy for these people…’ (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2007).
A report issued by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2007) looks at….
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics 2007, ‘Older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: a snapshot 2004-05’, cat. no. 4722.0.55.002, ABS, viewed 7 May 2009, ABS Database.
|
4. Illustrations/visual work/tables
All illustrations, visual work and tables must be numbered and titled.
Images, figure or illustration – In-text citation
Note the title position below the image.
Figure 1. fish n lemon (Abdala 2006).
|
Chart or table – In-text citation
Note the title position above the table.
Table 1: The ABO Blood Group (Biotype diets 2006)
 |
Illustrations/Visual Works/tables |
In-Text example |
Reference List example |
Published image (offline) |
In figure 1, Rhinoceros (Durer cited in Salley 2003, p. 59), the engraving encapsulates …….
|
Salley, V 2003, Nature's artist: plants and animals by Albrecht Dürer, Prestel, London, UK.
|
Online image with artist |
The cartoon in figure 3 (Frith 1968) depicts…….
|
Frith, J 1968, From the rich man’s table, political cartoon, National Library of Australia, viewed 14 September 2009, <http://moadoph.gov.au/exhibitions/online/frith/theherald-01.html>.
|
Online image with no artist |
Figure 4, Tip #146 – Eat More Cauliflower! (Daily Eco Tips 2009), shows that …….
|
Daily Eco Tips 2009, Tip #146 - Eat more cauliflower! online photograph, post 2 March, viewed 14 September 2009, <http://www.dailyecotips.com/tip-146-eat-more-cauliflower/>.
|
Published table/chart work (offline) |
As shown in table 3 (Jenson 1995, p. 13) the majority of migrants……..
|
Jenson, K 1995, Migration influences post World War 2, Snoobs, WA.
|
Online table/chart with author |
Table 6, a ‘Summary of extant measurements of the temperature profile as a function of pressure for the jovian planets’ (Weisstein 1999), indicates that…….
|
Weisstein, E 1999, Pressure-temperature profiles, viewed 17 November 2009, <http://www.ericweisstein.com/research/thesis/node41.html>.
|
Online table/chart with no author |
The various blood types listed in table 1 (Biotype diets 2006) show that…….
|
Biotype diets 2006, Understanding Your Blood Type, viewed 17 November 2009, <http://biotype.net/diets/bloodtypes.htm>.
|
5. Unpublished Information
Unpublished information |
In-Text example |
Reference List example |
Lecture
|
‘It is vital for a workplace to…’ (Banks 2009).
In his lecture, Banks (2009) discusses how a workplace….
|
Banks, J 2009, lecture, Business Services Centre, presented for the subject Effective work relationships for BSBMED201A for Business Services Centre, Holmesglen Institute, 6 May.
|
Lecture/class handouts |
In Beth Tootell’s lecture on 2 November 2009 about paraphrasing she said ….
|
Not needed
|
Article reproduced in a course subject/unit readings book
|
Inequality amongst social groups is caused predominantly by prejudice (Greenland 1995).
Greenland (1995, p. 27) argues that ‘…’.
|
Greenland, H 1995, ‘On the road to prejudice’, Australian Magazine, pp. 22–27, in Central Queensland University (CQU) 1999, LAWS53287: Working with communities: resource materials.
|
Personal communications, Email, conversations, interviews, telephone calls, letters, Live Chat, instant messaging, SMS text messaging.
|
In an e-mail dated 20 March 2009, Zita Youens wrote …
In a Live Chat session on 3 March 2009, the Information Services Librarian alerted me to a website of relevance to this issue.
|
Not needed
|
Example of a Reference List
A bibliography, if required, is in the same format as the reference list except that it has the heading Bibliography.
Reference List
Abdala N 2006, Fish n lemon, lino cut, creative commons, viewed 17 November 2009, <http://moadoph.gov.au/exhibitions/online/frith/theherald-01.html>.
Barron, M & Williamson, C 2009, Fundamental business law, 6th edn, McGraw-Hill, North Ryde, NSW.
Carmody, S & Forster, S (eds) 2003, Aged care nursing: a guide to practice, Ausmed Publications, Melbourne, VIC.
City of Melbourne 2009, International students, viewed 28 August 2009, <http://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/info.cfm?top=43&pg=2293>.
Crowther, J (ed.) 1995, Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary, 5th edn, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
Edwards, H 1997a, A day in the life of a chef, Draw publications, VIC.
Edwards, H 1997b, Hey hippopotamus: do babies eat cake too?, Hodder and Stoughton, Sydney, NSW.
Freud, S 1999, Interpretation of dreams, 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, viewed 28 May 2002, <http://www.psychwww.com/books/interp/toc.htm>.
IBISWorld Australia 2009, Tourism in Australia, 14 April, IBISWorld, X0003, viewed 7 May 2009.
Lau, R, Caughley, B & Deacon, R 2008, ‘Monitoring for Legionella bacteria in public spa pools’, Environmental Health, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 11-18, viewed 30 March 2009, <http://journal.eh.org.au>.
Love the beast 2009, motion picture, Whyte House Productions, Sydney, NSW.
Malinowski, W, Larsen, AA, Ngu, B & Fairweather, S 1999, Human geography, Routledge, NY.
Millar, R 2009, ‘State emission cuts futile’, The Age, 23 March, p. 1.
Sims, M 2009, ‘Neurobiology and child development: challenging current interpretation and policy implications’, Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, vol. 34, issue 1, pp. 36-42, viewed 30 September 2009, EBSCO Academic Search Premier database.
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